Category: Endgame

The Art of Analysis

With the extra free time I’ve had since my bike accident, I’ve been reading alot. Recently, I also started studying a little Russian, so I thought I would kill two birds with one stone by working through russian chess books with a dictionary. This book, which i picked up on ebay dirt cheap, is a collection of positions from adjourned games, and the adjournment analysis. It’s written by Dvoretsky, and as you would expect, is therefore rather scientific. Flipping through this old book, I can’t help but think that it’s a bit sad that the silicon monsters have robbed us of the adjournment. In any case, the following two positions are interesting positions where one side must find a difficult plan to hold the draw.

In the following position, it’s white’s turn to move. Black has pressure, but white can hold with a combination of threatening to become active on the queen-side with the rook and proper king play on the kingside.

Here we have a similar situation, where white has an edge but it is not enough to win as long as black keeps his cool and coordinates his piece and king properly.


Upsets at the World Cup

(left: Polgar sisters as child prodigies playing 3D Risk)

In the Sunday NYTimes, FM Dylan Loeb McClain has a column where he covers the hot novelties and interesting chess tidbits that addicted chess fanatics such as myself crave. This last Sunday, while at Variety coffee shop slamming a stumptown ‘spro at 8a.m. before biking to the Marshall Chess Club, I picked up his column and saw this article. Sam Shankland upset Peter Leko at the World Cup- who could have seen that coming. It goes without saying that at No. 19 in the World, Leko is an elite GM. Thus, beating him with the black pieces is a major achievement for our own S. Shankland. The game is a Semi-Slav, which arrives at a curious position where Black’s pieces shuffle on the 3 ranks while white appears to have a better position for most of the game. Then, like an avalanche, Black’s kingside pawns start rolling forward and block out white’s dark square bishop, leaving black with a golden knight that is centrally placed. The game is nothing short of a positional masterpiece from the young American.

In my last post I think I lamented how most GM’s don’t have their own websites in an era where shameless self-promotion has become more than socially acceptable – almost mandated- but it turns out I spoke too soon. Sam Shankland has a site of his own here, and it’s not bad actually! Granted it isn’t a 20 thousand Euro website the way that Jan Gustafsson’s appears to be, but it isn’t an early 1990′s GeoCities looking chess website either, so kudos Sam.

Another upset which caught my eye was Judit Polgar eliminating the top seeded Karjakin in the World Cup. The masterful endgame is nicely analyzed over at ChessVibes (for no charge- believe it or not!)

Apparently, after having some babies Judit is back in action and gunning for an elite top spot again. How amazing would it be to see her in the candidates next time around? Having a female World Champion could give a lot of good publicity to chess and perhaps entice more women to play in general- like a gender specific Bobby Fischer effect. There’s no question that if any woman on the planet has a shot it’s Judit.

ok chess geeks -swoon-

If that game was juicy enough- in their second game Judit whipped out the Ruy Lopez Open as black to drawn (Swoon again!).

As those of you who follow this blog know, we have a bit of a love affair with the Ruy Lopez Open- check it out- I have all three Chess Informant Monographs on the subject by the hero of line himself!!

Naturally, the following game demonstrates Polgar’s ability to control the position and hold the draw.

I have to admit- despite all of the shenanigans her sister has been involved with here concerning the USCF (and I won’t mention specifics as I don’t want to be sued for defamation – ugh- ) i’m still a fan of Judit and wish her well.

Interesting Rook and Pawn Ending

I once read that “all rook and pawn endings are draws” in some russian manual on the topic. This weekend I was working as the TD in a tournament at the Marshall, and had the pleasure of being a spectator to the conclusion of a 5 hour game- (time control was 30/90, 1SD.) This was the position with black to move:

Black had approx. 30 minutes left on his clock, while white had only 5. Black then sank into deep thought for nearly 27 minutes, before deciding on a move which should have drawn, but didn’t… Naturally in such a position there was a modicum of kibitzing in the skittles room…as TD I kept my mouth shut until the game was over, but my mind was racing to find the answer for black to hold.

As it turns out, many moves in this position should hold the draw. I recommended 1…Ra6, which IM Jay Bonin immediately dismissed, saying white’s king activity meant he should have a win in all lines, (however 1…Ra6 does hold a draw.) While the computer prefers 1…Kf3, the text move Kf4 should have held as well. The game continued…

Endgame Blunders…

This week I played a game for my team in the NYCCL, where my captain told me I only needed to draw for our team to walk with a positive result. I had the black pieces and had been told that my opponent likes to play 1.d4 and the trompowsky in particular- so I was a little surprised but not disappointed when he played 1.e4. I responded with a Sicilian, and the game was a bit strange for the first few moves but began to look more mainstream by move ten. I made an early middle game blunder in a position where I should have simply won a pawn, and lost the exchange- the rest is my fighting for dear life to draw- and miraculously managing to do so. However, it pains me to admit that I missed about half a dozen winning chances, one of which is quite egregious.

My teammate made me feel a little better by reminding me that it’s sometimes easier to see things when you’re not in the heat of battle, any case here is the game which I’m not terrible proud of but am posting because the last 25 moves or so is rife with instructive error.

King and Pawn Breakthrough

This little problem amused me this morning. It’s not from Van Perlo’s tome on endings but it feels like it should be. this is generally the kind of position where I would move my king around looking for some sort of decisive opposition in a blitz game, but if you focus your concentration on the main idea of creating a passer, you will see the avenue to victory for black.

Ian Nepomniachtchi wins Russian title by drawing an Armageddon game, in bishop vs rook endgame

Today Ian Nepomniachtchi (2722), a 20 year old GM from Bryansk Russia, won the Russian Championship in a high pressure Sicilian Najdorf against Sergei Karjakin (2760) with Amageddon rules (6 minutes for White vs 5 for Black who had draw odds).  Karjakin missed the game winning move 18. Rg1 and ended up going into a drawing endgame up the exchange.  As soon as the pawns were off the board, Nepomniachtchi displaying perfect endgame technique constructed a fortress by marching his king to h1 (light square) and used his dark square bishop to defend against mate.  With only 25 seconds left on the clock, the gentleman shook hands and Russia’s next champion was crowned.  Video and pgn after the jump.

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My Game with Yaacov

This evening, I had the pleasure of participating in a Simul at the Marshall with USCF senior master Yaacov Norowitz. The game was a Dutch Stonewall, a setup I chose because I was familiar with his reserved d4 opening. I was hoping that by adopting the Stonewall, I could at least survive long enough to have an interesting game. I missed my chance to equalize with 8…Ne4, and was convincingly squashed for the rest of the game. Yaacov also missed a few opportunities to do away with me more quickly, but the solidity of his position meant he didn’t have to rush and could simply take his time winning.

Today in London

The games this afternoon were not nearly as intense as they have been the last few days, but nonetheless there was still a feast of interesting chess for fans at the London Chess Classic. Short was absolutely steam-rolled by Anand’s kingside pawn storm, giving up a piece to break up the pawn-roller but not finding adequate compensation, and graciously allowing Anand to deliver mate only a few moves later. It saddens me to report that Nakamura lost to Carlsen in a tense Anglo-Dutch. Lately, Nakamura is one of the only top players to regularly whip out the Dutch Leningrad, and as a Dutch fan myself it pains me to see him ground down to a lost bishops of same color ending. Mcshane drew with Adams in a Reti, while Kramnik demonstrated a straight-foward winning plan in the Grunfeld using his passed d-pawn in his game with Howell.

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Rundlauf Composition: A. Shuriakov & Szyonenko Chervony Girnik, 1985

The previous post reminded me of this problem, which is one of the most intricate and wonderful compositions I have ever come across. It involves a “rundlauf,” which is a rare maneuver in chess compositions where a piece charts a geometic pattern on the board returning to its initial square. In over the board play this occurs most often in endgames (think triangulation), though even there it is extraordinarily rare. If you imagine yourself as white in the above position, where black has two pawns about to promote, would you be fighting for a draw or searching for a mate? The idea involved requires an elaborate sequence of forcing moves that pushes the king with mate threats at every turn. The knights dance in a cascading pattern across the board to remove a pawn, only to return to the original position and push the black king in the other direction to deliver mate. Think it over before clicking through to the solution- here’s the hint: Mate in 12!

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Perpetual Check

Tactics are something most serious players spend a lot of time on when studying, however one of the most useful and overlooked tactical motifs is perpetual check.  Perpetual check is what I would consider an “iron clad” draw because there is no mutual agreement to draw the game, with perpetual check you steal your half point back.  The diagram to the left shows a simple example.  Shuttling the queen back and forth between e8 and h5, white gives checks forever and saves his skin from the back rank mate.

In a recent game on the Free Internet Chess Server (FICS) I found myself down on material, short on time and close to resigning.  The idea that I could somehow swindle a win was gone and my only chance to avoid a loss was to force a draw somehow. In the following game fragment, my opponent was doing a good job of tossing me up.  I desparately try to complicate and hope that he can’t find the best continuation.  After the jump, we see the Theory of Infinite Resistance at work.

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Kasparyan’s Problems: Domination in Endgame Studies


Ghenrikh M. Kasparyan composed and collected 2,545 Endgame studies featuring the theme of domination, and this collection is one of my most prized possessions. While dominating a knight is not a terribly difficult task even in an ending, Kasparyan’s problems that feature the domination of a bishop or queen on the open board are elegant and evoke the kind of aesthetic pleasure that is unique to studies. Naturally, Nalimov tables have taken some of the wonder out of such positions, but I still keep the book on my end table and peruse its problems regularly.

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Bishops of opposite color endings

Bishops of opposite color endings are notoriously drawish, even where one side has one or two extra pawns. Some common drawing plans are demonstrated in the positions below.

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Bishops of same color endings: Bishop vs Bishop+pawn


Bishop endings are fairly common, and the following few positions contain essential knowledge for proper technique in these basic positions. Armed with a few simple kernels of wisdom, you should be able to play these kinds of endings near perfectly.

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Basic Rook Endings: Rook vs Rook+pawn


“All rook endings are drawn.”- Tarrasch

There are a few basic rook vs. rook and pawn concepts that I am going to present in this post.
The majority of rook v.s. rook and pawn endings will turn into either the philidor position (a.k.a. third rank defense) or the lucena position, and so these two are by far the most important. However, the other positions are essential knowledge as well. Learning these positions and the rules that go with them will vastly improve your chess rating. Rook and pawn endings are the most common type of ending, and these endings have a tendency to reduce to one of the positions below.

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Three Endgame Studies


After Karpov’s retirement from professional chess, he made a killing by licensing the use of his name to be used by authors to produce a dizzying amount of literature with his name on it. “Karpov’s Endgame Arsenal!” is one such book. It is a collection of endgame studies, with some endgame positions taken from Karpov’s games as well. The book is organized into chapters such as “Geometry of the Chessboard” and “Studies and the World Champions.” It’s difficult to say if there is any practical value in studying these types of positions for class players. Recently, I read in an advice column that studying endings at all is purely academic, because the trend towards faster and faster time controls, especially in American tournaments, makes it rare that anyone will have time to really ponder complex endings when they do occasionally occur.

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